Normale Ansicht

La Der des Ders – The War to End War from Hexasim – Action Point 5

Von: Grant
02. April 2026 um 14:00

La Der des Ders – The War to End War from Hexasim is a 1-2 player slightly abstracted strategic level look at World War I. The game allows the players to relive the First World War at a strategic level, with each player controlling one of the 2 sides either the Entente, consisting of France, England, Russia, Serbia and other minor nations or the Central Powers including Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and a few minors. La Der des Ders can also be played solo, with a dedicated solitaire bot called “Athena” who utilizes special Cornflower Cards to make decisions about what technologies to invest in, where to undertake offensives and how to utilize limited resources and reinforcements. Each turn, players gain an amount of Resource Points dependent on what nations are in the war, which they can allocate to different areas to guide their overall strategy. Victory is achieved by launching offensives that drain the morale of enemy nations, forcing them out of the conflict through collapse.

In Action Point 1, we looked at the Game Board, discussing the Collapse Tracks, Trade Tracks, Russian Revolution Track and Naval Control Table and other various on-board tables and offensive spaces. In Action Point 2, we covered the Technology Phase and the Technology Tree and Technological Improvement Boards. In Action Point 3, we examined the Event Cards and how they inject the historical narrative into the gameplay and also alter the conditions of the game. In Action Point 4, we walked through an example of an Offensive and took a look at the combat procedure. In this Action Point, we will simply review the Victory Conditions.

Victory Conditions

In La Der des Ders, there are a few ways to trigger the concept of Sudden Death, which leads to the game concluding and a victor being declared, or to win the game through armistice being signed and then through the accumulation of Prestige Points. Let’s first take a look at what I think is the most common way for the game to come to an end, Sudden Death.

Sudden Death

The game will end immediately in the event of Sudden Death and this Sudden Death can be triggered in three ways. First, if France surrenders, the Central Powers will immediately win the game, second if Germany surrenders, the Entente will immediately win the game and finally if any one side achieves 6 Victory Points then that side immediately wins the game. Really pretty simple. If countries other than France or Germany surrender, such as Austria-Hungary, Russia or the Ottoman Empire, the game will continue although the Production Value of the surrendered country will no longer be included in the sides Resource Points.

Now there is a remote possibility that both sides could trigger Sudden Death at the same time through an attack. Remember, that if the attacker rolls a 1 on their Attack Dice, it will result a Counter Attack and 1 loss on their Collapse Track and if this would cause them to have to surrender as well as inflicting enough hits on their target to reach the end of their Collapse Track, both will Surrender and then neither side will win. But also, this could possibly occur with the play of the Spanish Flu Event, which causes losses to all powers. This is a rare possibility but it can happen.

One of the things that I very much like about this game is the concept of Collapse and the fatigue and weariness of war. World War I drug on for 4 long years and particularly on the Western Front very little ground was actually gained. During the early years of the war in 1915–1916, these advances were measured in mere feet, while later in the war during the campaigns of 1918, particularly in the case of the Hundred Days Offensive, which began on August 8, 1918, the Allies achieved deep, lasting breakthroughs, pushing the Germans back to their original 1914 lines. But the war was a meat grinder, plain and simple, and attacks were made sometimes to keep the war going because High Command demanded action and not necessarily to gain any ground or obtain any key objectives. Resources dwindled, troops dried up as men were shattered, maimed and demoralized to the point of being unable to stand a watch or fight, and nation’s desire for the war to continue faded. I think that at points, one breakthrough or catastrophic loss could have ended the war and this is very well reflected in La Der des Ders as if you are too low on your own Collapse Track and decide to attack because you believe you can finish your opponent you always have a chance of catastrophe and losses of your own while on the offensive.

Armistice

Aside from the Sudden Death ending, the game can end in 2 ways including at the end of the turn during which the Peace Negotiations card was drawn, or at the end of turn 14. In both of these cases, the side with the most Prestige Points is declared the winner. If there is a tie, the Central Powers will win the game.

So what are Prestige Points? Prestige Points are a concept that takes into account the standing of each of the combatant nations on both sides, using the location of the Sector cube on their Collapse Track as a base, and then uses a simple mathematical formula to determine the overall standing and condition of the nations morale, production and will to fight. One of the most important parts of this calculation though is that it only takes into account nations that have not collapsed and surrendered. If a nation has been forced to surrender because their Collapse Track reached the end, they will not count toward the Prestige Points of their allied side.

Each player will calculate their total Prestige Points very simply by paying attention to several numbers such as the Operational Value and Prestige Value. For each country still At War during the Armistice, the player multiplies the sector’s current Operational Value (OV), which is shown by the location of the Sector cube on the Collapse Track, by its Prestige Value (PV), which is the value printed on the left side of the Collapse Track. The various nations’ Prestige Values are Germany 5, France 4, Austria-Hungary 3, Ottoman Empire 3, Italy 3, Middle East 3 and all other Sectors 1.

Let’s take a look at a quick example of how to calculate Germany’s Prestige Points. If Germany is still At War and their Collapse Track is showing an Operational Value of 2, then we will multiply their Prestige Value shown on the far left of the Collapse Track of 5 x the Operational Value of 2 resulting in a total of 10 Prestige Points. The players then add the number of Victory Points (VP) indicated by the location of their marker on the Victory Point Track. You might be wondering Where do Victory Points come from? Victory Points are specifically earned from forcing countries to surrender and the side that caused the surrender will earn a number of Victory Points as shown in the rules. For the Entente, their values are Russia 3 VP, Italy, Middle East and Romania 2 VP and Serbia, Africa and Greece 1 VP. For the Central Powers, their values are Austria-Hungary 3 VP, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria 2 VP and the German Colonies 1 VP.

I very much like the concept of only calculating the value for those countries who have not Collapsed and who are still in the war. We all know that it is easier to negotiate a peace that is favorable to your side when you are still a threat and if too many nations of either side have collapsed then their Prestige Points will reflect this as those countries won’t contribute to the final value. And I also like the simplicity of the scoring system. If certain key countries like France and Germany surrender, then that equates to a victory for the side causing the surrender and if the game continues to grind on through the final turn, then there is this calculation that is really pretty simple and gives importance to each goal with a different value that can be earned. Just a solid method for determining victory that makes sense and fits with the historical aspect of the outcome of the Great War.

In Action Point 6, which is the conclusion to this series, we will give an overview of the “Athena” solitaire bot and show how it works for solitaire play.

-Grant

Grimscar

17. März 2026 um 16:26

Hunger, Hass und Hoffnungslosigkeit

Wenn ich die Videos von Dungeon Dive sehe, hätte ich gern das gesamte Regal, dass man beim Creator Dan im Hintergrund sieht. Viele RPGs, oft bestimmt von Science-Fiction und Horror dort zu sehen und so wundert es nicht, dass Grimscar zum Solo RPG 2025 auf dem Kanal gekürt wurde.

Wenige Monate nach dieser Wahl, halte ich nun mein Exemplar in den Händen und erstelle meine Charakter mit den Werten wie Rage, Hatred, Butcher, Patience, Pity und Hope. Klingt schon mal nach einem Spiel für mich. Dazu bekommt mein Charakter physische Werte wie Survival, Charm, Reputation und Wear. Mit einem altem Schwert und Holzschild trete ich als Freiwilliger an, um aus der ehemals blühenden Stadt Grimscar in den umliegenden Wald zu nach Nahrung zu suchen. Denn in Grimscar nunmehr ist verfallen und die Menschen leiden Hunger. Monster und Banditen treiben ihr Unwesen und je weiter ich mich nach der Stadt entferne, desto größere Gefahren warten auf mich.

Neben der Erkundung stehen Kämpfe im Focus der Rollenspiels von Gunner Almr. Jedes Ereignis, jede Begegnung oder jeder Fund wird in Grimscar aus diversen Tabellen ausgewürfelt. Auch bei den Kämpfen kann das Würfelglück eine große Rolle spielen, wobei man unter anderem durch den Einsatz der oben genannten Charakterwerte sein Würfelergebnis beeinflussen kann. Jedoch geht der Einsatz möglicher Modifikatoren immer mit einem Risiko einher. Man muss jeweils aus einer „Konsequenztabelle“ einen Malus auswürfeln, der seinen Charakter für den weiteren Verlauf des Spiel schwächer macht.

Und je länger ich spiele, desto mehr sinkt dazu mein Wert der „Hoffnung“ während meine Erschöpfung steigt. Anspannung, Unsicherheit und eine drückende Atmosphäre sind in Grimscar permanent präsent. Und wie viele Solo RPGs ist Grimscar nicht wirklich einfach – letztendlich ein Mittel, um daraus eine zusätzliche Spannung oder Anspannung zu ziehen.

Wer mehr von der Geschichte erleben möchte, kommt nicht umher ein paar Hausregeln einzuführen – ein Start mit einer besseren Waffe kann zum Beispiel sehr helfen. Denn es lohnt sich das Spiel länger zu erleben: die Texte sind wirklich stimmungs- und humorvoll geschrieben, die anzutreffenden Charaktere herrlich skurril, und der Stil der Zeichnungen von Jake Abington bringen die dunkle Stimmung großartig rüber.

Grimscar mag kein perfektes „Spiel” sein, aber in Sachen Story und Atmosphäre ist es sehr unterhaltsam und trifft meinen Nerv.

Stubenscore: 8 / 10

Schon die ersten Schritte in den Wald können den Tod bringen.
Ich kann meine gewürfelte 4 mit meinen Charakterwerten erhöhen – aber das kommt immer mit einem Preis.
Atmosphärisch und textlich ist Grimscar stark.
Und teilweise unbarmherzig, wenn es um die Ergebnisse aus Würfeltabellen geht.

GRIMSCAR

Age of Sigmar: Elitär bis auf die Knochen – Kriegsbuch der Ossiarch Bonereapers (Rezension)

02. März 2026 um 11:01

Die Reiche des Todes werden von Zombiehorden und Skelettkriegern überflutet. Doch unter Nagashs Herrschaft marschieren auch Legionen elitärer Krieger. Die Ossiarch Bonereapers bilden die mächtigste Armee des Todesgottes. Mit Knochenbannern ziehen sie diszipliniert voran und erobern unerbittlich die Reiche der Lebenden. Wehe jedem, der ihrem tödlichen Vormarsch begegnet.

Dieser Beitrag wurde von Christian Kallweit geschrieben

Platform 8

20. Januar 2026 um 16:20

Mindfuck im Abteil

Nach Exit 8 glaubte ich bei Platform 8 an einen schnellen Cashgrab. „Lass uns das gleiche nochmal mit Bahnabteilen machen – ein paar Anomalien rein und man muss achtmal richtig hingucken.“

Aber dem ist nicht so. Ja, es geht darum wieder Anomalien zu entdecken, doch diesmal muss man sich je nach Anomalie richtig verhalten, teilweise Rätsel lösen und interaktiver mit der Szenerie interagieren. Und ein kleiner Fehler kann den Tod und damit Neustart bedeuten, was letztendlich ein anderes Spielgefühl erzeugt, als beim Vorgänger.

Dazu leg KOTAKE CREATE in Sachen Japan Horror eine Schippe drauf. Ohne zu viel verraten zu wollen, aber im zweiten Spiel steckt schon eine Menge Wahnsinn.

Platform 8 ist ein lohnender Nachfolger und auch wenn ich es lobenswert finde, dass der Entwickler die „Serie“ als abgeschlossen sieht, hätte ich nichts gehen einen dritten Teil. Aber ich freue mich umso mehr auf das angekündigte, sicher größere Projekt mit dem Namen Pale Dots.

Stubenscore: 8 / 10

Da sitzt doch unser Kumpel aus Exit 8?
Diesmal muss man mehr tun, als nur zurück gehen.
Der Horror ist stets präsent.
Jedes Bild ist leider ein kleiner Spoiler. Einfach selbst spielen und immer die Ruhe bewahren.

PLATFORM 8
OPENCRITIC

PC | XBOX | SWITCH | PS5 (getestet)

Alter Ego

17. Januar 2026 um 07:48

Was wäre wenn

Die Multiple-Choice Lebenssimulation von Peter J. Favaro aus dem Jahr 1986 hatte uns damals auf dem C64 fasziniert. Mit unserem gebrochenen Schulenglisch haben wir zwar nicht viel verstanden, aber wir hatten einige Anläufe probiert einen Menschen durch seine Kindheit, ins Erwachsenenleben und schließlich bis ins hohe Alter zu führen.

Mit etwas mehr Reife, probierte ich nun die mobile Variante des Spiels von Choice of Games. Hier wurde zwar das Interface aktualisiert, doch der Inhalt und der Text des Spiels wurden komplett bewahrt.

So liest man sich heute sehr geschriebene Lebenssituationen und trifft gute oder weniger gute Entscheidungen. In jedem der insgesamt sieben Lebensabschnitte wählt man verschiedene Icons aus Bereichen wie Familie, Arbeit, Liebe oder auch Gesundheit. Letztendlich wirken sich alle Entscheidungen auf unser gespieltes Ich aus und bestimmen unsere Zufriedenheit, Intellekt oder sozialen Fähigkeiten – alles auch in einer Statistik nachvollziehbar.

Als Basis befragte Peter J. Favaro damals 1000 Probanden, die Situationen aus ihrem Leben beschrieben haben. Aus diesen entwickelte er die kleinen Geschichten im Spiel und fügte Auswahlmöglichkeiten hinzu. Man kann in seinen Durchläufen mit Alter Ego experimentieren, dabei als freundlicher Familienvater agieren, erfolgreich harter Geschäftsmann oder Krimineller, der zudem Frauen ausnutzt. Es ist schon erstaunlich, was der damalig 27 Jährige Absolvent der Psychologie fast allein programmiert hat.

Zu dem Nachfolger Childs Play, das die Erziehung eines Kindes nachbilden sollte, kam es nie, da Activision damals mehr auf Action setzen wollte, um mit Nintendo konkurrieren zu können. So kehrte Favaro zurück in die Lehre und ist heute hoch angesehen als erfahrener klinischer und forensischer Psychologe, Autor, Gerichtsexperte und Berater.

Auch heute löst das Spielen von Alter Ego noch eine Faszination aus, gerade unter der Betrachtung, dass die Texte aus den 80ern kommen und den Zeitgeist einfangen. Boris Schneider meinte 1986 „Alter Ego gehört eigentlich in jede Software-Sammlung, die einen Überblick über das gesamte Leistungsspektrum der Computer-Spiele geben will.“ – und stimmt das heute noch.

Stubenscore: 8 / 10

Das Leben beginnt nach einem psychologischen Fragebogen, den man überspringen darf, aber nicht sollte.
Über Icons können Geschichten mit Auswahlmöglichkeiten gewählt werden, ob Familie, Bildung, Liebe – es gibt viel zu erleben.
Im Alter gibt es mehr Gesundheitsicons, passt irgendwie.
Über Multiple-Choice entscheide ich über meinen Charakter.
Und alles landet in einer übersichtlichen Statistik. Muss auf meine Gelassenheit achten.
Da sag ich mal nicht nein. Spannend, wie 1986 die Ansichten auch hier waren.
Damals auf dem C64. Andere Optik, aber Choice of Games hat das Spiel 1:1 konserviert.
Ein Stück Spielegeschichte.

ALTER EGO
KULTBOY

diverse Plattformen | IOS (getestet)

Valpiedra: Descensus ad tenebras

Von: ferengi
08. Januar 2026 um 08:28

Höllenabstieg mit Strategie und Würfelglück

Valpiedra hat mich allein durch sein Design auf der Spiel in Essen 2025 angesprochen. Dabei erinnert der Dungeon Crawler nicht nur optisch sehr an Darkest Dungeon. Solo oder kooperativ können wir mit 2-4 Helden vier Level in die Hölle hinabsteigen, um die titelgebende Stadt Valpiedra zu retten.

Zahlreiche Horden aus Dämonen, Ghulen, Skeletten und anderen finsteren Gegnern stellen sich uns in den Weg. Und je tiefer wir in die nächsten Ebenen der Verliese vordringen, desto stärkeren Gegnerwellen müssen wir uns stellen. Je nach Charakter kann man Feinde im Nahkampf, wie auch in der Ferne treffen, wobei der Kampf doch recht stark vom Zufall abhängt. In der Regel benötigen wir bei einem W6-Wurf eine 1 bis 3, um einem Gegner Schaden zuzufügen. Einige Gegenstände erhöhen unsere Trefferchancen, während manche Gegner sogar die Dreien auf den Würfeln negieren können.

Es gilt meine Würfelergebnisse mit den Charaktereigenschaft und neuen Gegenständen positiv zu beeinflussen und mit den richtigen Helden, die passenden Gegner in der richtigen Reihenfolge anzuvisieren. Die gefallenen Gegner nutze ich als Gegenstände oder nutze sie als Erfahrungspunkte, um mich zu heilen oder Angstlevel meiner Gruppe zu senken.

Es gilt also hinabzusteigen, Gegner zu besiegen und sich weiterentwickeln – und das alles in einer großartigen, düsteren Atmosphäre. Leben muss man mit dem Zufall, der einen frustrierend ins Gesicht schlägt oder zufrieden an eine tolle eigene Strategie glauben lässt. Bin gespannt, ob die kommende Erweiterung, die interessanterweise als „Valpiedra 1.5“ gelistet wird, mehr wünschenswert stärkere Charaktere bringt und das Spielerlebnis etwas „einfacher“ macht.

Stubenscore: 7,8 / 10

Kleine Schachtel und die Hölle ist schnell aufgebaut
Ich kann den besiegten Gegner „ausrüsten“, also als Schwert einen weiteren Würfel hinzufügen und Kälteschaden aktivieren ODER 4 Erfahrungspunkte einsetzen. Allein das „ODER“ macht es echt schwierig.
Komme halbtot in Level 4 an und dann kommen die?
Nächster Run. Töte ich einen Gegner, der Boni auf andere wirkt, lösche ich damit auch diese Boni aus.

VALPIEDRA
Webseite
BGG

Farewell 2025 – Best on the Blog!

31. Dezember 2025 um 11:08

Now the year truly comes to a close. Let’s look back at the eighth full year of this blog.

You can read all of the Farewell 2025 posts here:

The overall blog statistics are pretty meaningless – both last year and this year are skewed by WordPress sending my Farewell 2024 – Historical Fiction! post out to a bajillion people (from Dec 26 to Jan 8), which makes it easily the most popular post of each year (providing more than a fourth of my total views this year). If you factor that out, 2025 has been a good year on the blog, but slightly behind the (organic) record of 2023.

The posts doing particularly well have been the usual suspects, that is, the Most Anticipated Historical Board Games post in January, and the evergreen strategy posts for several games published over the last year. It was nice to see that a few of my research-intensive posts in the American Revolution and the Wallenstein series also did well.

Most of my readers come from the United States (also skewed by the Historical Fiction anomaly, but not entirely), as well as other Anglophone (UK, Canada, Australia) or European (Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and France) countries. Especially the Dutch have made a leap up… maybe because of my post on the history of Amsterdam? Welkom, anyway.

New arrivals in the top 10 of the countries from which most views stem are Sweden and Poland in a joint Baltic effort.

If you compare views with population numbers, there are possibly no more loyal readers of this blog than the fine people of Ireland, closely followed by Hong Kong, whose views eclipse those of huge countries like Japan, Brazil, or India. The Irish have been devoted to history, board games, and history in board games for some years now, for which I am grateful. The Hongkongers are new in their excitement for the blog – welcome! If you are from Hong Kong, leave a comment below!

I can only speculate what brought people to this blog (but maybe you can enlighten me with a comment, especially if read this blog, but don’t comment often or ever). Here is, however, what I think was the finest which I published this year – as per usual, with six instead of three entries, and without crowning a winner. Let’s go!

“Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death!” (American Revolution, #2)

Most of the history articles on this blog are about what people in the past did – the politicians, merchants, soldiers of times past. Yet I also like to dwell on what they thought, and thus I’m very happy to have written this post on the political philosophy of the American Revolution, its core value of liberty, and the promise and limitation of that idea. It was also an opportunity to engage with the still-compelling documents of the Revolution – Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence.

Tariffs, Onshoring, and the Board Game Industry

It’s been a wild year politically. Almost forgotten by now is the Great Tariff Rollercoaster of April 2025, in which the American federal government announced tariffs on imports from almost all other countries and then engaged in a flurry of raising, lowering, and holding off on them that made everyone’s head spin. By now, the 145% tariff on Chinese goods imported by US buyers is long gone, but at the time it seemed like an existential threat to US board game companies manufacturing their games in China (so, almost all of them), and given that the current US administration will still be in office for another three years, one worth revisiting.

Wallenstein: Rise

This blog often gives me the opportunity to learn about new subjects. Wallenstein was one of them. I approached the post about his life with not more than a general knowledge about his role in the Thirty Years’ War… and then was sucked into a research rabbit hole in which I read over 2,000 pages about the guy. The result is a four-part series and the longest, most detailed board game assisted biography I have ever written about anyone.

Frederick the Great. A Military Life / Friedrich

…and this blog also allows me to re-visit topics and games with which I have engaged for years (and sometimes decades) now. Frederick II of Prussia is such a person, and Friedrich (Richard Sivél, Histogame) such a game. Reflecting on their insights on Frederick’s campaigns, the command and control exercised, and Frederick’s psychology was a delight.

Amsterdam in History and Board Games

Amsterdam is one of the iconic cities of the world. It is a symbol of art, commerce, and progress, and unique in its canal-structured urban layout. Unsurprisingly, these characteristics have also inspired board game designers. I have told Amsterdam’s 750-year history through the lens of the many board games set in Amsterdam – which gives a glimpse into what the city stands for in the popular imagination. As both this and my earlier Venice post were so much fun to write, I should do more city histories!

Immersive Weimar Playlist

One of my brighter new ideas was to link historical board games to period music. Of course, that works particularly well from the 20th century on – the age of the music record. I started with an immersive playlist for your next game of Weimar (Matthias Cramer, Capstone Games/Skellig Games/Spielworxx), full of everything that was hot at the time – from traditional songs to jazz, from movie tunes to workers’ songs. It will surely not remain the only such playlist.

And thus concludes the year 2025 on this blog. I hope you had as much fun reading it as I had writing.

I wish you all an excellent year 2026, full of joy, health, and success!

Farewell 2025 – Best on the Blog!

31. Dezember 2025 um 11:08

Now the year truly comes to a close. Let’s look back at the eighth full year of this blog.

You can read all of the Farewell 2025 posts here:

The overall blog statistics are pretty meaningless – both last year and this year are skewed by WordPress sending my Farewell 2024 – Historical Fiction! post out to a bajillion people (from Dec 26 to Jan 8), which makes it easily the most popular post of each year (providing more than a fourth of my total views this year). If you factor that out, 2025 has been a good year on the blog, but slightly behind the (organic) record of 2023.

The posts doing particularly well have been the usual suspects, that is, the Most Anticipated Historical Board Games post in January, and the evergreen strategy posts for several games published over the last year. It was nice to see that a few of my research-intensive posts in the American Revolution and the Wallenstein series also did well.

Most of my readers come from the United States (also skewed by the Historical Fiction anomaly, but not entirely), as well as other Anglophone (UK, Canada, Australia) or European (Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, and France) countries. Especially the Dutch have made a leap up… maybe because of my post on the history of Amsterdam? Welkom, anyway.

New arrivals in the top 10 of the countries from which most views stem are Sweden and Poland in a joint Baltic effort.

If you compare views with population numbers, there are possibly no more loyal readers of this blog than the fine people of Ireland, closely followed by Hong Kong, whose views eclipse those of huge countries like Japan, Brazil, or India. The Irish have been devoted to history, board games, and history in board games for some years now, for which I am grateful. The Hongkongers are new in their excitement for the blog – welcome! If you are from Hong Kong, leave a comment below!

I can only speculate what brought people to this blog (but maybe you can enlighten me with a comment, especially if read this blog, but don’t comment often or ever). Here is, however, what I think was the finest which I published this year – as per usual, with six instead of three entries, and without crowning a winner. Let’s go!

“Give Me Liberty, or Give Me Death!” (American Revolution, #2)

Most of the history articles on this blog are about what people in the past did – the politicians, merchants, soldiers of times past. Yet I also like to dwell on what they thought, and thus I’m very happy to have written this post on the political philosophy of the American Revolution, its core value of liberty, and the promise and limitation of that idea. It was also an opportunity to engage with the still-compelling documents of the Revolution – Common Sense and the Declaration of Independence.

Tariffs, Onshoring, and the Board Game Industry

It’s been a wild year politically. Almost forgotten by now is the Great Tariff Rollercoaster of April 2025, in which the American federal government announced tariffs on imports from almost all other countries and then engaged in a flurry of raising, lowering, and holding off on them that made everyone’s head spin. By now, the 145% tariff on Chinese goods imported by US buyers is long gone, but at the time it seemed like an existential threat to US board game companies manufacturing their games in China (so, almost all of them), and given that the current US administration will still be in office for another three years, one worth revisiting.

Wallenstein: Rise

This blog often gives me the opportunity to learn about new subjects. Wallenstein was one of them. I approached the post about his life with not more than a general knowledge about his role in the Thirty Years’ War… and then was sucked into a research rabbit hole in which I read over 2,000 pages about the guy. The result is a four-part series and the longest, most detailed board game assisted biography I have ever written about anyone.

Frederick the Great. A Military Life / Friedrich

…and this blog also allows me to re-visit topics and games with which I have engaged for years (and sometimes decades) now. Frederick II of Prussia is such a person, and Friedrich (Richard Sivél, Histogame) such a game. Reflecting on their insights on Frederick’s campaigns, the command and control exercised, and Frederick’s psychology was a delight.

Amsterdam in History and Board Games

Amsterdam is one of the iconic cities of the world. It is a symbol of art, commerce, and progress, and unique in its canal-structured urban layout. Unsurprisingly, these characteristics have also inspired board game designers. I have told Amsterdam’s 750-year history through the lens of the many board games set in Amsterdam – which gives a glimpse into what the city stands for in the popular imagination. As both this and my earlier Venice post were so much fun to write, I should do more city histories!

Immersive Weimar Playlist

One of my brighter new ideas was to link historical board games to period music. Of course, that works particularly well from the 20th century on – the age of the music record. I started with an immersive playlist for your next game of Weimar (Matthias Cramer, Capstone Games/Skellig Games/Spielworxx), full of everything that was hot at the time – from traditional songs to jazz, from movie tunes to workers’ songs. It will surely not remain the only such playlist.

And thus concludes the year 2025 on this blog. I hope you had as much fun reading it as I had writing.

I wish you all an excellent year 2026, full of joy, health, and success!

The War of Independence, 1778-1783 (American Revolution, #6)

07. September 2025 um 17:02

After a somewhat longer break, we’re back with the American Revolution! We had concluded last time with the French entry into the war on the American side. Today, we’ll look at the cooperation between the allies, the British strategic shift to the south, and how these two impulses collided and gave way to peace – as always, with board games.

You can read all posts in this series here:

American-French Cooperation

Before the Treaty of Alliance and the French declaration of war on Britain, France had supported the American Patriots materially. Now that France was a full belligerent, fighting forces would follow – first, the French fleet.

Admiral d’Estaing’s event card in Liberty or Death (Harold Buchanan, GMT Games) emphasizes the difficulties and opportunities of coordinating far-reaching naval operations. From the Vassal module.

A naval force under Admiral Charles Henri Hector d’Estaing, carrying a few thousand French land forces, was dispatched to North America in summer 1778. They embarked on an ambitious combined-force scheme together with the Continental Army to take Newport from the British. American-French cooperation (as well as army-navy cooperation) proved difficult, and the operation had to be aborted. In one of the more dubious decisions of the war, the British abandoned Newport, one of the finest natural harbors in New England, voluntarily soon after.

As joint operations had not yielded success, the American and British forces would usually operate separately for the next two years. That meant that the Americans continued to bear the brunt of the struggle for North America. The French navy and army, however, were crucial in tying down British forces in the by now global struggle: British and French forces fought over the economically crucial “sugar islands” of the Caribbean. A French armada, strengthened by Spain which had recently entered the war, threatened to invade Britain itself in 1779. Even in far away India, British forces were challenged by the French and their local allies. Players of Imperial Struggle (Ananda Gupta/Jason Matthews, GMT Games) will recognize these as the four regions in which Britain and France fight for supremacy – with victory going to the player who can balance their interests in the four regions best, taking losses where they must while making bigger gains elsewhere.

The board of Imperial Struggle depicts a world full of opportunities for conquest, alliance, and trade in North America, Europe, the Caribbean, and India. In this particular game, the British have been expelled from North America, but done well in India.

The American Patriots had none of this strategic depth. If they were defeated North America, their cause would be lost. And even with French support, it did not seem like they could do more than brace themselves against the military and financial superiority of Britain… if so much. The harsh winter of 1779-80 decimated the Continental Army. Difficulties in paying the troops resulted in the mutiny of the Pennsylvania and New Jersey Line regiments. The situation seemed so dire that Benedict Arnold, one of the most distinguished American commanders, betrayed the American cause (but failed to deliver the fort of West Point to Britain), serving in the British army for the remainder of the war.

The Benedict Arnold event in Washington’s War (Mark Herman, GMT Games) does not only give a die roll modifier in a battle to Britain, but also removes the (American) leader Arnold from the board. Experienced American players know this, of course, and will not entrust Arnold with important missions… thus, his invasion of Canada is unlikely to happen in the game. An interesting meditation on how much historical hindsight influences gameplay.

The Southern Strategy

Part of the American woes was the new British focus. As New England was lost to Britain, and too full of rebels to be retaken, the British turned their attention to the southern colonies which the believed to be populated by many British loyalists.

First, they advanced from Florida (supported by sea) into Georgia and took Savannah on December 29, 1778. A combined American-French land-sea operation failed to retake the city in June 1779. After this second joint operations failure, the French fleet relocated to the Caribbean. British forces under Charles Cornwallis laid siege to Charleston, South Carolina, the following March.

Lincoln never stood a chance. From the Rally the Troops! implementation of Washington’s War.

Benjamin Lincoln, who had commanded the American troops in the unsuccessful counter-offensive at Savannah, was put under enormous political pressure not to let Charleston, one of the most important cities in the south, fall into British hands. Retreat was thus impossible. Yet the defense of the city against superior British forces was doomed. Lincoln surrendered in May 1780.

Cornwallis’s next victim. From the Rally the Troops! implementation of Washington’s War.

Cornwallis also beat the new American commander in the south, Horatio Gates, at Camden (and thus cut Gates, the hero of Saratoga, back to size again). As the British general was poised to invade North Carolina, Washington dispatched Nathanael Greene to take command in the south.

Greene’s approach aimed to elude a decisive engagement. Contrary to British assumptions, the south was not rife with British loyalists. The crown was only supported where Britain could enforce loyalty – on the coasts, and wherever Cornwallis’s army was at the moment. And Cornwallis could not be everywhere. Small American forces under guerilla leaders (like “The Gamecock” Thomas Sumter and Francis Marion, on whom the movie The Patriot is based) chipped away at British forces and support. While Cornwallis beat Greene at Guilford Court House and Eutaw Springs in early 1781, he could not reverse the south’s affiliation to the Patriot cause.

Yorktown

Cornwallis lost patience with the indecisive campaign against Greene’s Fabian strategy. In 1781, he boldly struck into Virginia. His supply was to come from sea via the port of Yorktown on Chesapeake Bay. If Virginia, the largest and most populous southern colony was taken and thus the south cut off from the north, Greene would have to surrender – or so Cornwallis thought. Cornwallis’s good strategy rating in Washington’s War makes it likely that the British player will let him pursue similarly active campaigns… and hopes not to get caught by superior force.

Cornwallis’s plan was risky. Virginia was much closer to the American and French main forces than the Carolinas. The French commander Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, urged George Washington to confront Cornwallis. And thus a third joint operation began: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, a French volunteer in the Continental army, marched American and French forces to Virginia.

Cornwallis responded in the typical British manner: He fortified Yorktown and confidently relied on British naval superiority to keep his options open. That confidence was shaken when the French instead of the British navy showed up in Chesapeake Bay. The British sent a fleet of their own, but the resulting naval battle of Chesapeake Bay failed to expel the French fleet (September 5, 1781).

Between a rock and a hard place: Cornwallis was trapped by the American-French army and the French navy. From the Rally the Troops! implementation of Washington’s War.

Washington and Rochambeau took command of the combined army and invested Yorktown. As Cornwallis had failed to tenaciously defend the outer defenses, assuming he would be evacuated by the Royal Navy, the sieging forces advanced quickly. Cut off from supplies and under bombardment from the allied artillery, Cornwallis surrendered on October 17, 1781. His entire force of almost 8,000 was captured (with another 156 dead). French and American total casualties (dead and wounded) were barely over 200.

Peace

The war in the colonies had been unpopular in Britain for some years. Parliament was unwilling to expend more money on it, and thus the British forces deployed had never again reached their peak strength from 1776. With one of the two main British forces in the colonies lost, so was the parliamentary base for the government. When the Whig opposition’s motion to end the war in North America carried a majority, Prime Minister Frederick North resigned in March 1782. “North’s Government Falls” is the end of a game of Washington’s War, and can happen anytime between 1779 and 1783 (provided the event is face-up in the respective year).

While peace was only made in 1783, there were no relevant campaigns in North America after 1781. Event card from Washington’s War, ©GMT Games.

North’s successors had to make peace with four separate enemies – the United States, France, Spain, and the Netherlands. The American negotiators Benjamin Franklin and John Jay proved most skillful in this complicated multi-sided diplomacy. They secured diplomatic recognition for the United States as well as the western domain all the way to the Mississippi and important fishing rights in the Atlantic. The Peace of Paris was signed on September 3, 1783.

The king of France had little time to enjoy his triumph. The war expenses incurred in the American Revolutionary War contributed to the financial crisis which resulted in the French Revolution (whose protagonists were in turn inspired by the American ideas of liberalism and republicanism) just six years after the Peace of Paris.

Britain, on the other hand, bounced back from the setback in North America. The country’s naval, commercial, and financial strength was still intact. Britain would orchestrate the coalitions against revolutionary and Napoleonic France until the final victory at Waterloo in 1815, ushering in a century of British global dominance.

And the United States? They remained within their own hemisphere for the time being. Only occasionally drawn into conflict with their erstwhile French allies or old British enemies, the United States dealt with their westward expansion and economic development. Despite its unresolved conflict internal conflict about slavery, the American republic remained an inspiration to European liberals and democrats who strove to follow the example begun 250 years ago.

Games Referenced

Liberty or Death (Harold Buchanan, GMT Games)

Imperial Struggle (Ananda Gupta/Jason Matthews, GMT Games)

Washington’s War (Mark Herman, GMT Games)

Further Reading

Allison, Robert J.: The American Revolution. A Very Short Introduction, Oxford University Press, New York City, NY 2015 is exactly what it says on the tin.

Higginbotham, Don: The War of American Independence. Military Policies, Attitudes, and Practice, 1763-1789, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN 1977 covers not only the campaigns, but also the political, social, and economic dimensions behind them.

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